Baking Soda

Baking Soda Baking Soda is made from Soda Ash, also known as Sodium Carbonate. it can be manufactured by passing Carbon Dioxide and ammonia through a concentrated solution of Sodium chloride (table salt). In our case, it is mined in the form of an Ore called trona.

Baking Soda is a white crystalline powder (NaHCO 3): Better known to chemists as Sodium biCarbonate, biCarbonate of Soda, Sodium hydrogen Carbonate, or Sodium acid Carbonate. It is classified as an acid salt, formed by combining an acid (Carbonic) and a base (Sodium hydroxide), and it reacts with other chemicals as a mild alkali. At temperatures above 300 degrees Fahrenheit (149 degrees Celsius), Baking Soda decomposes into Sodium Carbonate (a mOre stable substance), water, and Carbon Dioxide.

Native Chemical and Physical Properties of Baking Soda: Account for its wide range of applications, including cleaning, deodorizing, buffering, and fire extinguishing. Baking Soda neutralizes odors chemically, rather than masking or absorbing them. It is used in bath salts and deodorant body powders.

Baking Soda tends to maintain a pH of 8.1 (7 is neutral) even when acids: which lower pH, or bases, which raise pH, are added to the solution. Its ability to tabletize makes it a good effervescent ingredient in antacids and denture cleaning products. Sodium biCarbonate is also found in some anti plaque mouth wAsh products and toothpaste.

Sodium Sulfate and Hydrochloric acid: Sodium chloride (table salt) was heated with sulfuric acid, producing Sodium sulfate and hydrochloric acid. The Sodium sulfate was then heated with coal and limestone to form Sodium Carbonate, or Soda Ash.

Raw Materials: Baking Soda, or Sodium biCarbonate, comes from Soda Ash obtained either through the Solvay process or from trona Ore, a hard, crystalline material. Trona dates back 50 million years, to when the land surrounding Green River, Wyoming, was covered by a 600-square-mile (1,554-square-kilometer) lake. As it evaporated over time, this lake left a 200-billion-ton deposit of pure trona between layers of sandstone and shale. The deposit at the Green River Basin is large enough to meet the entire worlds needs for Soda Ash and Sodium biCarbonate for thousands of years.

The Manufacturing Process:

Making Soda Ash: Soda Ash can be manufactured chemically using the Solvay process, or it can be made from trona Ore. If trona Ore is used, it must first be mined. After it has been brought to the surface, the trona Ore is transported to a variety of processing plants. There, the Ore is refined into a slurry of Sodium sesquiCarbonate, an intermediate Soda Ash product that actually contains both Soda Ash (Sodium Carbonate) and Baking Soda (Sodium biCarbonate).

Making Baking Soda: The intermediate Soda Ash solution is put into a centrifuge, which separates the liquid from the Crystals. The Crystals are then dissolved in a biCarbonate solution in a rotary dissolver, thereby becoming a saturated solution. This solution is filtered to remove any non-soluble materials and is then pumped through a feed tank to the top of a Carbonating Tower.

Sodium BiCarbonate Crystals: Purified Carbon Dioxide is introduced into the bottom of the Tower and held under pressure. As the saturated Sodium solution moves through the Tower, it cools and reacts with the Carbon Dioxide to form Sodium biCarbonate Crystals. These Crystals are collected at the bottom of the Tower and transferred to another centrifuge, where excess solution is filtered out. The Crystals are then wAshed in a biCarbonate solution, forming a cake-like substance ready for drying.

Baking Soda Manufactured: The wAshed filter cake is then dried on either a continuous belt conveyor or in a vertical tube drier called a flAsh dryer. The theOretical yield from the process, and the Baking Soda manufactured is mOre than 99 percent pure.

Sorting and storing the different grades: The dried Crystals of Sodium biCarbonate are separated into various grades by particle size. Standard grades of Sodium biCarbonate and special grades are manufactured to meet customers specific requirements, and particle size is the major determinant of grades. Powdered #1 and fine granular #2 have a wide range of uses in foods, chemicals, and pharmaceuticals. Granular grades #4 and #5 are found in foods and doughnuts, cleaning compounds, pharmaceuticals, and many other products.

Quality Control: The quality of Sodium biCarbonate is controlled at every stage of the manufacturing process. Materials, equipment, and the process itself are selected to yield Sodium biCarbonate of the highest possible quality. According to FMC sources, when the company constructed plants, it chose materials and equipment that would be compatible with the stringent quality requirements for making pharmaceutical grade Sodium biCarbonate.

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