Solar Cells

Solar Cells


Photovoltaic Solar cells Thin Silicon Disks that Convert sunlight into Electricity. These Disks act as energy sources for a wide variety of uses, including Calculators and other Small Devices; Telecommunications; Rooftop Panels on individual houses; and for Lighting, Pumping etc.

Raw Materials The basic component of a Solar cell is Pure Silicon. Pure Silicon is Derived from such Silicon Dioxides as Quartzite Gravel (the purest silica) or Crushed Quartz. The Silicon Disks are Shiny and require an Anti-Reflective Coating, usually Titanium Dioxide.
Silicon Semiconductor The Solar module consists of the Silicon Semiconductor Surrounded by Protective Material in a Metal Frame. The Protective Material Consists of an Encapsulant of Transparent Silicon Rubber or Butyryl Plastic Bonded around the Cells, which are then Embedded in Ethylene Vinyl Acetate.

Polyester Film: A Polyester Film makes up the Backing. A Glass Cover is found on Terrestrial arrays, a lightweight Plastic Cover on Satellite arrays. The Electronic Parts are standard and consist Mostly of Copper. The Frame is either Steel or Aluminum.
The Manufacturing Process:

Purifying the Silicon The Silicon Dioxide of either Quartzite Gravel or Crushed Quartz is placed into an Electric arc Furnace. A Carbon arc is then applied to release the Oxygen. The Products are Carbon Dioxide and Molten Silicon. A rod of impure Silicon is Passed through a Heated Zone several times in the same direction. At a Specific Point, the Silicon is Deemed Pure, and the impure end is removed.

Making Single Crystal Silicon Solar Cells are made from Silicon Boules, PolyCrystalline structures that have the atomic Structure of a single Crystal. A seed Crystal of Silicon is dipped into Melted PolyCrystalline Silicon. As the seed Crystal is Withdrawn and Rotated, a Cylindrical ingot or "Boule" of Silicon is formed.
Placing Electrical contacts Electrical contacts connect each Solar cell to another and to the Receiver of Produced Current. The contacts must be very thin so as not to Block Sunlight to the Cell. After the contacts are in Place, thin Strips are Placed between Cells. The most commonly used Strips are Tin-Coated Copper.

The Anti-Reflective Coating: Because Pure Silicon is Shiny, it can Reflect up to 35 percent of the Sunlight. Commercial Solar Cell Manufacturers use Silicon Nitride. Encapsulating the Cell sealed into Silicon Rubber or Ethylene Vinyl Acetate. The encapsulated Solar Cells are then placed into an Aluminum Frame that has a Mylar or Tedlar Backsheet and a Glass or Plastic Cover.
Solar Frame: By Solar Cells, Solar Frame will be made. Main Purpose of Solar energy is to save Electricity. Nowadays Farmers are using for Water Pumps, Software Persons also in home at the Top, they are generating Solar Energy for their Computers. Industries are also using Solar Energy Heavily, Getting Solar energy is a great Saving to Electricity and Nation also.

What are Solar Cells how do they work: A Solar Cell is a Sandwich of n-type Silicon (blue) and P-type Silicon (red). It generates Electricity by using Sunlight to make Electrons Hop across the junction between the different flavors of Silicon: When Sunlight shines on the Cell, Photons (light particles) bombard the upper surface.
What is the basic principle of Solar Cell: A Solar Cell is a device that directly Converts the energy of light into Electrical energy through the Photovoltaic effect. Solar Cells or Photovoltaic Cells are made based on the Principle of the Photovoltaic effect. They Convert Sunlight into direct current (DC) Electricity.

What are Solar Cells made of: Crystalline Silicon Cells are made of Silicon atoms connected to one another to form a Crystal Lattice. This Lattice provides an organized structure that makes conversion of light into Electricity more efficient.
What is Solar Cell and its uses: Uses of Solar Cells. Space. Solar Cells are very useful in Powering space vehicles such as satellites and telescopes (e.g. Hubble). They provide an economical and reliable way of Powering objects which would otherwise need expensive and cumbersome fuel sources.

How long do Solar Cells last: 25 years. Solar Panels, also known as Photovoltaic or PV Panels, are made to last more than 25 years. In fact, many Solar Panels installed as early as the 1980s are still working at expected capacity. Not only are Solar Panels remarkably reliable, Solar Panel longevity has increased dramatically over the last 20 years.
What are 3 applications of Solar Cells: Solar Cell for Transportation. Solar energy is used in cars. This Solar Power is created by Photovoltaic Cells.
Solar Cells in Calculators. Solar-Powered calculators use Photovoltaic Cells. Solar Cell Panels. On the rooftop, Solar Panels are kept.
Solar Cell Advantages. Solar energy is a Renewable form of energy.

What are the advantages of Solar Cell: Advantages of Solar Cells. Renewable energy - The energy can be used both to generate Electricity and heat in the house, either through Solar PV or Solar thermal. Renewable energy is recovered from the sun, the wind and waves - which in this case is the sun.
Why do we use Solar Cells: Solar energy - a clean source. No Greenhouse gas Emissions are released into the atmosphere when you use Solar Panels to create Electricity. And because the sun Provides more energy than we will ever need, Electricity from Solar Power is a very important energy source in the move to clean energy production.

Which Metal is used in Solar Panel: Silver is actually a primary ingredient in Photovoltaic Cells, and 90% of Crystalline Silicon Photovoltaic Cells, which are the most common Solar Cell, use a Silver paste.
What are the 3 types of Solar Panels: Most of the Solar Panel options currently available fit in one of three types: MonoCrystalline, PolyCrystalline (also known as multi-Crystalline), and Thin-film. These Solar Panels vary in how they are made, Appearance, Performance, Costs, and the installations each are best suited for.

Why are Solar Cells costly: They are most expensive because of their quality of occupying less space, high Power output and long Durability. In India, MonoCrystalline Solar Panels are available in a Panel efficiency range of 17%, 18% and 19%. MonoCrystalline Solar Panels with 19% efficiency are the most economical.
What are the two uses of Solar Cell: Our sun is the source of all life on Earth, and Solar energy is useful to us in many different ways. The sun creates two main types of energy – light and heat – that we can harness for many activities ranging from Photosynthesis in Plants to creating Electricity with Photovoltaic (PV) Cells to heating water and food.

Do Solar Panels need maintenance: Fret not, Solar Panel systems are incredibly durable and require little to no Maintenance over their productive Lifetime – which can span 25 years or more. In the event that something does go Wrong, your Solar PV system components have very long Warranties that would cover Replacement and Repair costs.
What is the best Material to make a Solar Panel: Crystalline Silicon is the most common Material used in Solar Cells. The Lifespan of Crystalline Silicon Cells is more than 25 years without deterioration, making it ideal for industrial Solar Power generation.

Why are Perovskite Solar Cells important: Perovskite Solar Cells of certain compositions can Convert Ultraviolet and visible light into Electricity very efficiently, meaning they might be exCellent Hybrid-tandem partners for absorber materials such as Crystalline Silicon that efficiently Convert infrared light.
How Perovskite Solar Cells are made: In one-step Deposition, a Perovskite Precursor solution that is prepared by mixing lead Halide and Organic Halide together, is directly deposited through various coating methods, such as spin Coating, Spraying, Blade Coating, and Slot-die Coating, to form Perovskite film.


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